For Model_type=1, the data consists of pairs, where each pair is formed
by a frequency value followed by the matrix entries at that frequency.
对 N=1 的传输线，L/C/R/G 都是 **1x1 矩阵**，所以每一行的数据格式是：
频率值 矩阵元素
但还有一个 **关键细节**，官方文档没写死，但 ADS 强制要求：
**频率值必须是整数，不能是科学计数法！**
ADS 的解析器对科学计数法（如
1.000000e+06）有兼容性问题，我文件里的频率用 1.000000e+06
写，它会解析失败，直接报 Error reading the W_Element data file。
bundle install显示Fetching source index from … Retrying fetcher due to error (2/4): Bundler::HTTPError Could not fetch specs from … due to underlying error <timed out …
posix 和 win32 的区别是指编译器使用的线程模型。posix 是一种 UNIX API 标准，而 win32 是 Windows 的 API 标准。这两者之间有一些区别，例如在 mingw-w64 中，使用 posix 线程将启用 C++11/C11 多线程功能，并使 libgcc 依赖于 libwinpthreads。而使用 win32 线程则不会启用 C++11 多线程功能。
如果在 Windows 下开发 Linux 应用程序，则选择 posix；如果开发 Windows 平台下的应用程序，就需要选择 Win32。
这个你自己选择吧，你偏向于原生的C标准就选posix，面向Windows编程就选win32，如果你还是选择困难的话，毕竟我们最常用的还是Windows，选win32也没什么问题。
Tiny C Compiler（简称TCC, 或Tiny CC）是一个超小、超快的标准C语言编译器。 TCC Official WebsiteDownload Link
Windows 用户请下载 tcc-0.9.27-win64-bin.zip ，将下载好的文件，解压到某一文件夹即可。
在系统环境变量中双击Path，点击新建，添加tcc文件夹路径。
命令行窗口输入tcc检查是否配置完成。
C:\Users\Administrator>tcc
Tiny C Compiler 0.9.27 - Copyright (C) 2001-2006 Fabrice Bellard
Usage: tcc [options...] [-o outfile] [-c] infile(s)...
tcc [options...] -run infile [arguments...]
General options:
-c compile only - generate an object file
-o outfile set output filename
-run run compiled source
-fflag set or reset (with 'no-' prefix) 'flag' (see tcc -hh)
-Wwarning set or reset (with 'no-' prefix) 'warning' (see tcc -hh)
-w disable all warnings
-v -vv show version, show search paths or loaded files
-h -hh show this, show more help
-bench show compilation statistics
- use stdin pipe as infile
@listfile read arguments from listfile
Preprocessor options:
-Idir add include path 'dir'
-Dsym[=val] define 'sym' with value 'val'
-Usym undefine 'sym'
-E preprocess only
Linker options:
-Ldir add library path 'dir'
-llib link with dynamic or static library 'lib'
-r generate (relocatable) object file
-shared generate a shared library/dll
-rdynamic export all global symbols to dynamic linker
-soname set name for shared library to be used at runtime
-Wl,-opt[=val] set linker option (see tcc -hh)
Debugger options:
-g generate runtime debug info
-b compile with built-in memory and bounds checker (implies -g)
-bt N show N callers in stack traces
Misc. options:
-x[c|a|n] specify type of the next infile
-nostdinc do not use standard system include paths
-nostdlib do not link with standard crt and libraries
-Bdir set tcc's private include/library dir
-MD generate dependency file for make
-MF file specify dependency file name
-m32/64 defer to i386/x86_64 cross compiler
Tools:
create library : tcc -ar [rcsv] lib.a files
create def file : tcc -impdef lib.dll [-v] [-o lib.def]
访问官网，点击Concise instructions, per platform: 下的 install on Windows 。
找到Easy install。
When installing from the internet, we recommend downloading and running install-tl-windows.exe.
This installer first unpacks itself and then starts the installer proper, which is the same as for other platforms. An ‘Advanced’ button gives you many additional customization options.
When successful, the installer tries to do the post-install things that are considered appropriate on Windows:
Adds a TeX Live submenu of Windows’ Start menu. Entries include a GUI for TeX Live Manager and the TeXworks editor if was installed.
Optionally adds some filetypes and file associations.
Adds the directory of TeX Live Windows binaries to the search path.
The TeX Live Manager GUI mentioned above can be used to add or remove packages, and to keep the installation up to date.
"windows": {
// Path used when invoking tex & friends; "" is fine for MiKTeX
// For TeXlive 2011 (or other years) use
// "texpath" : "C:\\texlive\\2011\\bin\\win32;$PATH",
"texpath" : "",
// TeX distro: "miktex" or "texlive"
"distro" : "miktex",
// Command to invoke Sumatra. If blank, "SumatraPDF.exe" is used (it has to be on your PATH)
"sumatra": "",
// Command to invoke Sublime Text. Used if the keep_focus toggle is true.
// If blank, "subl.exe" or "sublime_text.exe" will be used.
"sublime_executable": "",
// how long (in seconds) to wait after the jump_to_pdf command completes
// before switching focus back to Sublime Text. This may need to be
// adjusted depending on your machine and configuration.
"keep_focus_delay": 0.5
},
将其修改成如下内容：
"windows": {
// Path used when invoking tex & friends; "" is fine for MiKTeX
// For TeXlive 2011 (or other years) use
// "texpath" : "C:\\texlive\\2011\\bin\\win32;$PATH",
"texpath" : "E:\\texlive\\2023\\bin\\windows;$PATH",
// TeX distro: "miktex" or "texlive"
"distro" : "texlive",
// Command to invoke Sumatra. If blank, "SumatraPDF.exe" is used (it has to be on your PATH)
"sumatra": "",
// Command to invoke Sublime Text. Used if the keep_focus toggle is true.
// If blank, "subl.exe" or "sublime_text.exe" will be used.
"sublime_executable": "C:\\Program Files\\Sublime Text\\subl.exe",
// how long (in seconds) to wait after the jump_to_pdf command completes
// before switching focus back to Sublime Text. This may need to be
// adjusted depending on your machine and configuration.
"keep_focus_delay": 60
},
Keybindings have been chosen to make them easier to remember, and also to minimize clashes with existing (and standard) ST bindings. I am taking advantage of the fact that ST supports key combinations, i.e. sequences of two (or more) keys. The basic principle is simple:
Most LaTeXTools facilities are triggered using Ctrl+l (Windows, Linux) or Cmd+l (OS X), followed by some other key or key combination
Compilation uses the standard ST “build” keybinding, i.e. Ctrl-b on Windows and Linux and Cmd-b on OS X. So does the “goto anything” facility (though this may change).
For example: to jump to the point in the PDF file corresponding to the current cursor position, use Ctrl-l, j: that is, hit Ctrl-l, then release both the Ctrl and the l keys, and quickly type the j key (OS X users: replace Ctrl with Cmd). To wrap the selected text in an \emph{} command, use Ctrl-l, Ctrl-e: that is, hit Ctrl-l, release both keys, then hit Ctrl-e (again, OS X users hit Cmd-l and then Cmd-e).
Ctrl-l (Cmd-l on OS X) is the standard ST keybinding for “expand selection to line”; this is remapped to Ctrl-l,Ctrl-l (Cmd-l,Cmd-l on OS X). This is the only standard ST keybinding that is affected by the plugin—an advantage of new-style keybindings.
Most plugin facilities are invoked using sequences of 2 keys or key combinations, as in the examples just given. A few use sequences of 3 keys or key combinations.
Henceforth, I will write C- to mean Ctrl- for Linux or Windows, and Cmd- for OS X. You know your platform, so you know what you should use. In a few places, to avoid ambiguities, I will spell out which key I mean.
Compiling LaTeX files
Keybinding:C-b (standard ST keybinding)
LaTeXTools offers a fully customizable build process. This section describes the default process, also called “traditional” because it is the same (with minor tweaks) as the one used in previous releases. However, see below for how to customize the build process.
The default ST Build command takes care of the following:
It saves the current file
It invokes the tex build command (texify for MikTeX; latexmk for TeXlive and MacTeX).
It parses the tex log file and lists all errors, warnings and, if enabled, bad boxes in an output panel at the bottom of the ST window: click on any error/warning/bad boxes to jump to the corresponding line in the text, or use the ST-standard Next Error/Previous Error commands.
It invokes the PDF viewer for your platform and performs a forward search: that is, it displays the PDF page where the text corresponding to the current cursor position is located.
Project files are fully supported! Some of the options related to building tex files are described here. However, you should consult the subsection on project-specific settings for further details.
Multi-file documents are supported as follows. If the first line in the current file consists of the text %!TEX root = <master file name>, then tex & friends are invoked on the specified master file, instead of the current one. Note: the only file that gets saved automatically is the current one. Also, the master file name must have a valid tex extension (i.e., one configured in the tex_file_exts settings), or it won’t be recognized.
As an alternative, to using the %!TEX root = <master file name> syntax, if you use a Sublime project, you can set the TEXroot option (under settings):
Note that if you specify a relative path as the TEXroot in the project file, the path is determined relative to the location of the project file itself. It may be less ambiguous to specify an absolute path to the TEXroot if possible.
TeX engine selection is supported. If the first line of the current file consists of the text %!TEX program = <program>, where program is pdflatex, lualatex or xelatex, the corresponding engine is selected. If no such directive is specified, pdflatex is the default. Multi-file documents are supported: the directive must be in the root (i.e. master) file. Also, for compatibility with TeXshop, you can use TS-program instead of program. Note: for this to work, you must not customize the command option in LaTeXTools.sublime-settings. If you do, you will not get this functionality. Finally, if you use project files, the program builder setting can also be customized there, under settings.
TeX options: you can pass TeX options to your engine in two ways (thanks Ian Bacher!). One is to use a %!TEX options = ... line at the top of your file. The other is to use the options builder setting in your settings file. This can be useful, for instance, if you need to allow shell escape. Finally, if you use project files, the options builder setting can also be customized there (again, under settings).
Customizing or replacing the compilation command (latexmk or texify) is also possible by setting the command option under Builder Settings. If you do, the TeX engine selection facility may no longer work because it relies on a specific compilation command. However, if you want to customize or replace latexmk/texify, you probably know how to select the right TeX engine, so this shouldn’t be a concern. Also note that if you are using latexmk and you set the $pdflatex variable, the TeX options facility will not function, as latexmk does not support this. See the Settings option below for details. Note: if you change the compilation command, you are responsible for making it work on your setup. Only customize the compilation command if you know what you’re doing.
使用 LaTeXTools 时我们要注意以下几点：
编译前，注意将编译系统改为LaTeX，按 Ctrl+Shift+B 编译；
默认使用的是 pdflatex ，现在想使用 xelatex 进行编译，使用如下代码：
%!TEX program = xelatex
\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
this is a way
\end{document}
Mac OS
…
If you want to convert audio files to/from FLAC:
Free Audio Converter, a free GUI audio file converter
XLD a nice GUI ripper/converter/burner
MacFLAC. Also includes our command-line programs for converting FLAC files and editing metadata.
MediaRage can edit FLAC tags.
跳转到这个界面——
入门我们仅需关注这部分内容，改一改能用就行。
## EXAMPLES
Some common encoding tasks using flac:
flac abc.wav
Encode abc.wav to abc.flac using the default compression setting. abc.wav is not deleted.
flac --delete-input-file abc.wav
Like above, except abc.wav is deleted if there were no errors.
flac --delete-input-file -w abc.wav
Like above, except abc.wav is deleted if there were no errors or warnings.
flac --best abc.wav
Encode abc.wav to abc.flac using the highest compression setting.
flac --verify abc.wav
Encode abc.wav to abc.flac and internally decode abc.flac to make sure it matches abc.wav.
flac -o my.flac abc.wav
Encode abc.wav to my.flac.
flac -T "TITLE=Bohemian Rhapsody" -T "ARTIST=Queen" abc.wav
Encode abc.wav and add some tags at the same time to abc.flac.
flac *.wav
Encode all .wav files in the current directory.
flac abc.aiff
Encode abc.aiff to abc.flac.
flac abc.rf64
Encode abc.rf64 to abc.flac.
flac abc.w64
Encode abc.w64 to abc.flac.
flac abc.flac --force
This one’s a little tricky: notice that flac is in encode mode by default (you have to specify -d to decode) so this command actually recompresses abc.flac back to abc.flac. –force is needed to make sure you really want to overwrite abc.flac with a new version. Why would you want to do this? It allows you to recompress an existing FLAC file with (usually) higher compression options or a newer version of FLAC and preserve all the metadata like tags too.
Some common decoding tasks using flac:
flac -d abc.flac
Decode abc.flac to abc.wav. abc.flac is not deleted. NOTE: Without -d it means re-encode abc.flac to abc.flac (see above).
flac -d --force-aiff-format abc.flac
flac -d -o abc.aiff abc.flac
Two different ways of decoding abc.flac to abc.aiff (AIFF format). abc.flac is not deleted.
flac -d --force-rf64-format abc.flac
flac -d -o abc.rf64 abc.flac
Two different ways of decoding abc.flac to abc.rf64 (RF64 format). abc.flac is not deleted.
flac -d --force-wave64-format abc.flac
flac -d -o abc.w64 abc.flac
Two different ways of decoding abc.flac to abc.w64 (Wave64 format). abc.flac is not deleted.
flac -d -F abc.flac
Decode abc.flac to abc.wav and don’t abort if errors are found (useful for recovering as much as possible from corrupted files).
gpg (GnuPG) 2.2.41-unknown; Copyright (C) 2022 g10 Code GmbH
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
gpg: directory '/c/Users/Administrator/.gnupg' created
gpg: keybox '/c/Users/Administrator/.gnupg/pubring.kbx' created
Note: Use "gpg --full-generate-key" for a full featured key generation dialog.
GnuPG needs to construct a user ID to identify your key.
Real name:
使用“gpg –full-generate-key”生成GPG密钥，有详细的配置参数。
gpg (GnuPG) 2.2.41-unknown; Copyright (C) 2022 g10 Code GmbH
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
Please select what kind of key you want:
(1) RSA and RSA (default)
(2) DSA and Elgamal
(3) DSA (sign only)
(4) RSA (sign only)
(14) Existing key from card
Your selection?
默认选择第一个选项，表示加密和签名都使用RSA算法。
然后，系统就会问你密钥的长度。
RSA keys may be between 1024 and 4096 bits long.
What keysize do you want? (3072)
接着，设定密钥的有效期。
Please specify how long the key should be valid.
0 = key does not expire
<n> = key expires in n days
<n>w = key expires in n weeks
<n>m = key expires in n months
<n>y = key expires in n years
Key is valid for? (0)
个人使用建议选择第一个选项，即永不过期，回车即可。接下来，系统让你确认。
Key does not expire at all
Is this correct? (y/N)
输入y，系统要求提供个人信息。
GnuPG needs to construct a user ID to identify your key.
Real name:
Email address:
Comment:
“Comment"这一栏可以空着。
然后你的用户ID就生成了。
You selected this USER-ID:
"xiaxi626 <aijiang1220966821@hotmail.com>"
Change (N)ame, (C)omment, (E)mail or (O)kay/(Q)uit?
系统会让你最后确认一次。
输入O表示"确定”。
接着，系统会让你设定一个私钥的密码。
您需要一个密码来保护您的私钥：
二次输入确认密码后，系统就开始生成密钥了。
We need to generate a lot of random bytes. It is a good idea to perform
some other action (type on the keyboard, move the mouse, utilize the
disks) during the prime generation; this gives the random number
generator a better chance to gain enough entropy.
几分钟以后，系统提示密钥已经生成了。
gpg: /c/Users/Administrator/.gnupg/trustdb.gpg: trustdb created
gpg: directory '/c/Users/Administrator/.gnupg/openpgp-revocs.d' created
gpg: revocation certificate stored as '/c/Users/Administrator/.gnupg/openpgp-revocs.d/2DF491A4DB677422C13A5398102ED6A053101F78.rev'
public and secret key created and signed.
